UNIT-I: GENERATING SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS – I
Generation system model – capacity outage probability tables – Recursive relation for capacitive
model building – sequential addition method – unit removal – Evaluation of loss of load and
energy indices – Examples.
UNIT-II: GENERATING SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS – II
Frequency and Duration methods – Evaluation of equivalent transitional rates of identical and
non-identical units – Evaluation of cumulative probability and cumulative frequency of nonidentical
generating units – 2- level daily load representation - merging generation and load
models – Examples.
UNIT-III: OPERATING RESERVE EVALUATION
Basic concepts - risk indices – PJM methods – security function approach – rapid start and hot
reserve units – Modelling using STPM approach.
Bulk Power System Reliability Evaluation:
Basic configuration – conditional probability approach – system and load point reliability indices –
weather effects on transmission lines – Weighted average rate and Markov model – Common
mode failures.
UNIT-IV: INTER CONNECTED SYSTEM RELIABILITY
ANALYSIS
Probability array method – Two inter connected systems with independent loads – effects of
limited and unlimited tie capacity - imperfect tie – Two connected Systems with correlated loads –
Expression for cumulative probability and cumulative frequency.
Distribution System Reliability Analysis – I (Radial configuration):
Basic Techniques – Radial networks –Evaluation of Basic reliability indices, performance indices
– load point and system reliability indices – customer oriented, loss and energy oriented indices –
Examples.
UNIT-V: DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS - II
(PARALLEL CONFIGURATION)
Basic techniques – inclusion of bus bar failures, scheduled maintenance – temporary and
transient failures – weather effects – common mode failures –Evaluation of various indices –
Examples
Substations and Switching Stations:
Effects of short-circuits - breaker operation – Open and Short-circuit failures – Active and Passive
failures – switching after faults – circuit breaker model – preventive maintenance – exponential
maintenance times.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Reliability Evaluation of Power Systems by Roy Billinton and Ronald N. Allan, Plenum
press, New York and London (Second Edition), 1996.
2. Reliability Modeling in Electric Power Systems by J. Endrenyi, John Wiley and Sons
Generation system model – capacity outage probability tables – Recursive relation for capacitive
model building – sequential addition method – unit removal – Evaluation of loss of load and
energy indices – Examples.
UNIT-II: GENERATING SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS – II
Frequency and Duration methods – Evaluation of equivalent transitional rates of identical and
non-identical units – Evaluation of cumulative probability and cumulative frequency of nonidentical
generating units – 2- level daily load representation - merging generation and load
models – Examples.
UNIT-III: OPERATING RESERVE EVALUATION
Basic concepts - risk indices – PJM methods – security function approach – rapid start and hot
reserve units – Modelling using STPM approach.
Bulk Power System Reliability Evaluation:
Basic configuration – conditional probability approach – system and load point reliability indices –
weather effects on transmission lines – Weighted average rate and Markov model – Common
mode failures.
UNIT-IV: INTER CONNECTED SYSTEM RELIABILITY
ANALYSIS
Probability array method – Two inter connected systems with independent loads – effects of
limited and unlimited tie capacity - imperfect tie – Two connected Systems with correlated loads –
Expression for cumulative probability and cumulative frequency.
Distribution System Reliability Analysis – I (Radial configuration):
Basic Techniques – Radial networks –Evaluation of Basic reliability indices, performance indices
– load point and system reliability indices – customer oriented, loss and energy oriented indices –
Examples.
UNIT-V: DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS - II
(PARALLEL CONFIGURATION)
Basic techniques – inclusion of bus bar failures, scheduled maintenance – temporary and
transient failures – weather effects – common mode failures –Evaluation of various indices –
Examples
Substations and Switching Stations:
Effects of short-circuits - breaker operation – Open and Short-circuit failures – Active and Passive
failures – switching after faults – circuit breaker model – preventive maintenance – exponential
maintenance times.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. Reliability Evaluation of Power Systems by Roy Billinton and Ronald N. Allan, Plenum
press, New York and London (Second Edition), 1996.
2. Reliability Modeling in Electric Power Systems by J. Endrenyi, John Wiley and Sons
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