POWER
SYSTEMS-I
Objective
:
Electrical Power plays
significant role in day to day life of entire mankind. This course concerns the generation and distribution of
power along with the economic aspects.
UNIT-1 Thermal Power Stations
Line diagram of Thermal Power Station (TPS) showing paths
of coal, steam, water, air, ash and flue gasses.- Brief description of TPS
components: Economizers, Boilers, Super heaters, Turbines, Condensers, Chimney
and Cooling towers.
UNIT-2 Gas and Nuclear Power Stations
Nuclear Power
Stations: Nuclear Fission and Chain reaction.- Nuclear fuels.- Principle of
operation of Nuclear reactor.-Reactor Components: Moderators, Control rods,
Reflectors and Coolants.- Radiation hazards: Shielding and Safety precautions.-
Types of Nuclear reactors and brief description of PWR, BWR and FBR.
Gas Power Stations:
Principle of Operation and Components ( Block Diagram Approach Only)
UNIT-3 General Aspects of Distribution Systems and
D.C. Distribution Systems
Classification of
Distribution Systems - Comparison of DC vs AC and Under-Ground
vs Over - Head Distribution Systems-
Requirements and Design features of Distribution Systems-
Voltage Drop
Calculations (Numerical Problems) in D.C Distributors for the following cases:
Radial D.C Distributor fed one end and at the both the ends (equal/unequal
Voltages) and Ring Main Distributor.
Unit-4 A.C. Distribution Systems.
Voltage Drop
Calculations (Numerical Problems) in A.C. Distributors for the following cases:
Power Factors referred to receiving end voltage and with respect to respective
load voltages.
Unit-5 Substations.
Classification of
substations: Air insulated substations - Indoor & Outdoor
substations: Substations layout showing the location of all the substation
equipment.
Bus bar arrangements
in the Sub-Stations: Simple arrangements like single bus bar, sectionalized
single bus bar, main and transfer bus bar system with relevant diagrams.
Gas
insulated substations (GIS) – Advantages of Gas insulated substations,
different types of gas insulated substations, single line diagram of gas
insulated substations, bus bar, construction aspects of GIS, Installation and
maintenance of GIS, Comparison of Air insulated substations and Gas insulated
substations.
UNIT-6 Power
factor and Voltage Control
Causes
of low p.f -Methods of Improving p.f -Phase advancing and generation of
reactive KVAR using static Capacitors-Most economical p.f. for constant KW load
and constant KVA type loads, Numerical Problems.
Dependency of Voltage
on Reactive Power flow.- Methods of Voltage Control: Shunt Capacitors, Series
Capacitors, Synchronous Capacitors, Tap changing and Booster Transformers
UNIT-7 Economic Aspects of Power Generation
Load curve, load
duration and integrated load duration curves-load, demand, diversity, capacity,
utilization and plant use factors- Numerical Problems.
Unit-8 Tariff Methods
Costs of Generation
and their division into Fixed, Semi-fixed and Running Costs.
Desirable
Characteristics of a Tariff Method.-Tariff Methods: Flat Rate, Block-Rate,
two-part, three –part, and power factor tariff methods and Numerical Problems
TEXT
BOOKS
1. A
Text Book on Power System Engineering by M.L.Soni, P.V.Gupta, U.S.Bhatnagar and A.Chakraborti, Dhanpat
Rai & Co. Pvt. Ltd., 1999.
2.
Principles of Power Systems by V.K Mehta and Rohit Mehta S.CHAND& COMPANY
LTD., New Delhi 2004.
REFERENCE
BOOKS
1.
Elements of Power Station design and practice
by M.V. Deshpande, Wheeler Publishing.
2.
Electrical Power Systems by C.L.Wadhawa New
age International (P) Limited, Publishers 1997.
3.
Electrical Power Generation, Transmission and
Distribution by S.N.Singh., PHI, 2003.
4.
Gas turbine performance, by PP Wals,
P.Fletcher, Blackwell Publisher, 2004.
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