M. TECH. (ELECRICAL POWER SYSTEMS) COURSE STRUCTURE

I Year I Semester
Advanced Power System Analysis
Advanced Power System Protection
Renewable Energy Systems
Modern Control Theory

Elective –I
 High Voltage Engineering
EHV AC Transmission
Microcontrollers and Applications

Elective -II
 Power Quality
HVDC Transmission
Distribution Automation

Lab Power Systems Lab-I
Seminar
Total Credits  22

HIGH VOLTAGE ENGINEERING(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE I SEM)

UNIT- I: INTRODUCTION TO HIGH VOLATGE ENGINEERING

Electric Field Stresses, Gas / Vacuum as Insulator, Liquid Dielectrics, Solids and Composites,

Estimation and Control of Electric Stress, Numerical methods for electric field computation, Surge

voltages, their distribution and control, Applications of insulating materials in transformers,

rotating machines, circuit breakers, cable power capacitors and bushings.

UNIT- II: BREAK DOWN IN DIELECTRIC MATERIALS

Gases as insulating media, collision process, Ionization process, Townsend’s criteria of

breakdown in gases, Paschen’s law. Liquid as Insulator, pure and commercial liquids, breakdown

in pure and commercial liquids. Intrinsic breakdown, electromechanical breakdown, thermal

breakdown, breakdown of solid dielectrics in practice, Breakdown in composite dielectrics, solid

dielectrics used in practice.

MICROCONTROLLERS AND APPLICATIONS(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE I SEM)

UNIT-I: OVERVIEW OF ARCHITECTURE & MICROCONTROLLER RESOURCES
Architecture of a microcontroller – Microcontroller resources – Resources in advanced and next
generation microcontrollers – 8051 microcontroller – Internal and External memories – Counters
and Timers – Synchronous serial-cum asynchronous serial communication - Interrupts.
UNIT-II: 8051- MICROCONTROLLERS INSTRUCTION SET
Basic assembly language programming – Data transfer instructions – Data and Bit-manipulation
instructions – Arithmetic instructions – Instructions for Logical operations on the test among the
Registers, Internal RAM, and SFRs – Program flow control instructions – Interrupt control flow.

POWER QUALITY(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE I SEM)

UNIT-I: INTRODUCTION
Introduction of the Power Quality (PQ) problem, Terms used in PQ: Voltage, Sag, Swell, Surges,
Harmonics, over voltages, spikes, Voltage fluctuations, Transients, Interruption, overview of
power quality phenomenon, Remedies to improve power quality, power quality monitoring.
UNIT-II: LONG & SHORT INTERRUPTIONS
Interruptions – Definition – Difference between failures, outage, Interruptions – causes of Long
Interruptions – Origin of Interruptions – Limits for the Interruption frequency – Limits for the
interruption duration – costs of Interruption – Overview of Reliability evaluation to power quality,
comparison of observations and reliability evaluation.
Short interruptions: definition, origin of short interruptions, basic principle, fuse saving, voltage
magnitude events due to re-closing, voltage during the interruption, monitoring of short
interruptions, difference between medium and low voltage systems. Multiple events, single phase
tripping – voltage and current during fault period, voltage and current at post fault period,
stochastic prediction of short interruptions.

HVDC TRANSMISSION(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE I SEM)

UNIT-I: INTRODUCTION
General consideration, Power Handling Capabilities of HVDC Lines Basic Conversion principles,
static converter configuration.
UNIT-II: STATIC POWER CONVERTERS
3-pulse, 6-pulse, and 12-pulse converters, converter station and Terminal equipment,
commutation process, Rectifier and inverter operation, equivalent circuit for converter – special
features of converter transformers. Harmonics in HVDC Systems, Harmonic elimination, AC and
DC filters.

VOLTAGE STABILITY(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE II SEM)

UNIT–I: INTRODUCTION TO VOLTAGE STABILITY
Definitions: Voltage Stability, Voltage Collapse, Voltage Security; Physical relation indicating
dependency of voltage on reactive power flow; Factors affecting Voltage collapse and instability;
Previous cases of voltage collapse incidences.
UNIT–II: GRAPHICAL ANALYSIS OF VOLTAGE STABILITY
Comparison of Voltage and angular stability of the system; Graphical Methods describing voltage
collapse phenomenon: P-V and Q-V curves; detailed description of voltage collapse phenomenon
with the help of Q-V curves.

POWER SYSTEM RELIABILITY(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE II SEM)

UNIT-I: GENERATING SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS – I
Generation system model – capacity outage probability tables – Recursive relation for capacitive
model building – sequential addition method – unit removal – Evaluation of loss of load and
energy indices – Examples.
UNIT-II: GENERATING SYSTEM RELIABILITY ANALYSIS – II
Frequency and Duration methods – Evaluation of equivalent transitional rates of identical and
non-identical units – Evaluation of cumulative probability and cumulative frequency of nonidentical
generating units – 2- level daily load representation - merging generation and load
models – Examples.

REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION AND MANAGEMENT( SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE II SEM)

UNIT-I: LOAD COMPENSATION
Objectives and specifications – reactive power characteristics – inductive and capacitive
approximate biasing – Load compensator as a voltage regulator – phase balancing and power
factor correction of unsymmetrical loads- examples.
UNIT-II: STEADY – STATE REACTIVE POWER COMPENSATION
IN TRANSMISSION SYSTEM
Uncompensated line – types of compensation – Passive shunt and series and dynamic shunt
compensation –examples
Transient state reactive power compensation in transmission systems:
Characteristic time periods – passive shunt compensation – static compensations- series
capacitor compensation –compensation using synchronous condensers – examples

ENERGY AUDITING, CONSERVATION AND MANAGEMENT(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE II SEM)

UNIT-I: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ENERGY AUDIT
Energy audit- definitions, concept , types of audit, energy index, cost index ,pie charts, Sankey
diagrams, load profiles, Energy conservation schemes- Energy audit of industries- energy saving
potential, energy audit of process industry, thermal power station, building energy audit.
UNIT-II: ENERGY MANAGEMENT
Principles of energy management, organizing energy management program, initiating, planning,
controlling, promoting, monitoring, reporting- Energy manger, Qualities and functions, language,
Questionnaire – check list for top management.

ELECTRIC SMART GRID (SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE II SEM)

UNIT–I: INTRODUCTION
Introduction to smart grid- Electricity network-Local energy networks- Electric transportation- Low
carbon central generation-Attributes of the smart grid- Alternate views of a smart grid.
SMART GRID TO EVOLVE A PERFECT POWER SYSTEM: Introduction- Overview of the
perfect power system configurations- Device level power system- Building integrated power
systems- Distributed power systems- Fully integrated power system-Nodes of innovation.
UNIT–II: DC DISTRIBUTION AND SMART GRID
AC vs DC sources-Benefits of and drives of DC power delivery systems-Powering equipment and
appliances with DC-Data centers and information technology loads-Future neighborhood-
Potential future work and research.
INTELLIGRID ARCHITECTURE FOR THE SMARTGRID: Introduction- Launching intelligrid-
Intelligrid today- Smart grid vision based on the intelligrid architecture-Barriers and enabling
technologies.

GAS INSULATED SYSTEMS (SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS ELECTIVE II SEM)

UNIT–I: INTRODUCTION TO GIS AND PROPERTIES OF SF6
Characteristics of GIS- Introduction to SF6 - Physical properties-Chemical properties - Electrical
properties-Specification of SF6 gas for GIS application - Handling of SF6 gas before use - Safe
handling of Sf6 gas in electrical equipment - Equipment for handling the SF6 Gas - SF6 and
environment.
UNIT–II: LAYOUT OF GIS STATIONS
Advancement of GIS station - Comparison with Air Insulated Substation - Economics of GIS -
User Requirements for GIS - Main Features for GIS - Planning and Installation components of a
GIS station.

POWER SYSTEM LAB – II(MTECH-EPS II SEM)

1. Determination of Equivalent circuit of a 3-Winding Transformer.
2. Determination of Sequence Impedances of a Cylindrical Rotor Synchronous Machine.
3. Fault Analysis:
i. Single Line to Ground fault (L-G).
ii. Line to Line fault (L-L).
iii. Double Line to Ground fault (L-L-G).
iv. Triple Line to Ground fault (L-L-L-G).
4. Determination of Sub-transient reactance’s of a Salient Pole Synchronous Machine.
5. Determination of Sequence Impedances of Three Phase Transformer
6. Characteristics of Over Current Relays
i. IDMT Electromagnetic Relay (7051 A).
ii. Microprocessor based Relay (7051 B)
7. Characteristics of Percentage biased Differential Relay.
i. Electromagnetic Relay (7054 A).
ii. Static Relay (7054 B).
8. Characteristics of Over Voltage Relay.
i. Electromagnetic Relay (7053 A).
ii. Microprocessor based Relay (7053 B).
9. Characteristics of Under Voltage (UV) and Negative sequence Relays
i. UV Electromagnetic Relay (7052 A).
ii. UV Microprocessor based Relay (7052 B).
iii. Static Negative Sequence Relay (7055 B).
10. Performance and Testing of Generator Protection System.
11. Performance and Testing of Transformer Protection System.
12. Performance and Testing of Feeder Protection System.
13. Performance and Testing of Transmission Line Model.
14. Differential protection on Single Phase Transformer.

AI TECHNIQUES IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING (SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS II SEM)

UNIT – I: ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORKS
Introduction-Models of Neural Network - Architectures – Knowledge representation – Artificial
Intelligence and Neural networks–Learning process – Error correction learning – Hebbian
learning –Competitive learning –Boltzman learning –Supervised learning – Unsupervised learning
– Reinforcement learning- learning tasks.
UNIT- II: ANN PARADIGMS
Multi – layer perceptron using Back propagation Algorithm-Self – organizing Map – Radial Basis
Function Network – Functional link, network – Hopfield Network.
UNIT – III: FUZZY LOGIC
Introduction – Fuzzy versus crisp – Fuzzy sets - Membership function – Basic Fuzzy set
operations – Properties of Fuzzy sets – Fuzzy cartesion Product –Operations on Fuzzy relations
– Fuzzy logic – Fuzzy Quantifiers-Fuzzy Inference-Fuzzy Rule based system-Defuzzification
methods.
UNIT – IV: GENETIC ALGORITHMS
Introduction-Encoding –Fitness Function-Reproduction operators-Genetic Modeling –Genetic
operators-Crossover-Single – site crossover-Two point crossover –Multi point crossover-Uniform
crossover – Matrix crossover-Crossover Rate-Inversion & Deletion –Mutation operator –Mutation
–Mutation Rate-Bit-wise operators-Generational cycle-convergence of Genetic Algorithm.
UNIT–V: APPLICATIONS OF AI TECHNIQUES
Load forecasting – Load flow studies – Economic load dispatch – Load frequency control – Single
area system and two area system – Small Signal Stability (Dynamic stability) Reactive power
control – speed control of DC and AC Motors.
TEXT BOOK:
1. S.Rajasekaran and G.A.V.Pai, “Neural Networks, Fuzzy Logic & Genetic Algorithms”-
PHI, New Delhi, 2003.
REFERENCE BOOKS:
1. P.D.Wasserman,Van Nostrand Reinhold,”Neural Computing Theory & Practice”- New
York,1989.
2. Bart Kosko,”Neural Network & Fuzzy System” Prentice Hall, 1992.
3. G.J.Klir and T.A.Folger,”Fuzzy sets,Uncertainty and Information”-PHI, Pvt.Ltd,1994.
4. D.E.Goldberg,” Genetic Algorithms”- Addison Wesley 1999.

POWER SYSTEM OPERATION AND DEREGULATION(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS II SEM)

UNIT- I: OPTIMAL POWER FLOW
Introduction- Solution to the optimal power flow-gradient method-Newton’s method-Linear
sensitivity analysis- Linear programming methods- Security constrained OPF-Interior point
algorithm- Bus incremental costs
UNIT-II: POWER SYSTEM SECURITY
Introduction –Factors affecting power system security-Contingency analysis-Detection of network
problems-Linear sensitivity analysis-AC power flow methods-contingency selection-concentric
relaxation-Bounding area method

FLEXIBLE AC TRANSMISSION SYSTEMS(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS II SEM)

UNIT-I: FACTS CONCEPTS
Transmission interconnections power flow in an AC system, loading capability limits, Dynamic
stability considerations, importance of controllable parameters basic types of FACTS controllers,
benefits from FACTS controllers.
UNIT-II: VOLTAGE SOURCE CONVERTERS
Single phase three phase full wave bridge converters transformer connections for 12 pulse 24
and 48 pulse operation. Three level voltage source converter, pulse width modulation converter,
basic concept of current source Converters, and comparison of current source converters with
voltage source converters.

POWER SYSTEM DYNAMICS(SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS II SEM)

UNIT-I: BASIC CONCEPTS
Power system stability states of operation and system security - system dynamics - problems
system model analysis of steady State stability and transient stability - simplified representation of
Excitation control.
UNIT-II: MODELING OF SYNCHRONOUS MACHINE
Synchronous machine - park’s Transformation-analysis of steady state performance per - unit
quantities-Equivalent circuits of synchronous machine-determination of parameters of equivalent
circuits.

POWER SYSTEM LAB – I (MTECH-EPS I SEM)

1. Develop MATLAB program for YBUS formation.
2. Develop MATLAB program for G-S Load Flow Analysis.
3. Develop MATLAB program for N-R Load Flow Analysis.
4. Develop MATLAB program for FDLF Load Flow Analysis.
5. Develop MATLAB program for Short Circuit Analysis.
6. Transient Stability Analysis for Single Machine connected to Infinite Bus by Point by Point
Method.
7. Develop PSPICE Program for Generation System Reliability Analysis.
8. Develop PSPICE Program for Distribution System Reliability Analysis.
9. Simulation of RLC Circuit using PSPICE.
10. Simulation of Single Phase Full Converter with RLE Load using PSPICE
11. Develop MATLAB model for Closed Loop Speed Control of Separately Excited D.C
Motor.
12. Develop MATLAB model for Sinusoidal Pulse Width Modulation.

DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION (SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS I SEM)

UNIT-I: DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION AND THE UTILITY SYSTEM
Introduction to Distribution Automation (DA), control system interfaces, control and data
requirements, centralized (Vs) decentralized control, DA System (DAS), DA Hardware, DAS
software.
UNIT-II: DISTRIBUTION AUTOMATION FUNCTIONS
DA capabilities, Automation system computer facilities, management processes, Information
management, system reliability management, system efficiency management, voltage
management, Load management.

EHV AC TRANSMISSION (SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS I SEM)

UNIT- I:
E.H.V.A.C. Transmission line trends and preliminary aspect standard transmission voltages –
Estimation at line and ground parameters-Bundle conductor systems-Inductance and
Capacitance of E.H.V. lines – positive, negative and zero sequence impedance – Line
Parameters for Modes of Propagation.
UNIT- II:
Electrostatic field and voltage gradients – calculations of electrostatic field of AC lines – effect of
high electrostatic field on biological organisms and human beings - surface voltage gradients and
maximum gradients of actual transmission lines – voltage gradients on sub conductor.

MODERN CONTROL THEORY (SYLLABUS MTECH-EPS I SEM)

UNIT–I: MATHEMATICAL PRELIMINARIES
Fields, Vectors and Vector Spaces – Linear combinations and Bases – Linear Transformations
and Matrices – Scalar Product and Norms – Eigen-values, Eigen Vectors and a Canonical form
representation of Linear operators – The concept of state – State Equations for Dynamic systems
– Time invariance and Linearity – Non-uniqueness of state model – State diagrams for
Continuous-Time State models.
UNIT-II: STATE VARIABLE ANALYSIS
Linear Continuous time models for Physical systems– Existence and Uniqueness of Solutions to
Continuous-Time State Equations – Solutions of Linear Time Invariant Continuous-Time State
Equations – State transition matrix and its properties. General concept of controllability – General
concept of Observability – Controllability tests for Continuous-Time Invariant Systems –
Observability tests for Continuous-Time Invariant Systems – Controllability and Observability of
State Model in Jordan Canonical form – Controllability and Observability Canonical forms of State
model.